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Vertical Axis Wind Turbine

Up-to-date autoclave curing for high strength and light weight turbine blade Facility at Taiwan with most cost effective set up to manufacture high quality composite products.

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The optimum way to use VAWT system is to connect to the grid and this package can be most cost effective when manufacturer can integrate them together.

 Design center at Southern California capable of accepting innovative design which guarantee customer satisfaction

Please contact us for future planning an integrated system set up for sub-urban development or ...etc

Jet ski watercraft update

Up coming new idea of jet ski watercraft design

The modern jet ski design apparently has that sleek look with distinctive color, and the streamline configuration. Nevertheless, the powerful gasoline engine is still potential contamination to water source!


Recent publicized news:

[A coal-powered Citation Jet? It just might happen. Williams International, the turbofan engine manufacturer, has completed an extended engine run of one of its FJ44-3 turbofans running fuel made from coal. The tests, which included 21 hours of operation and 118 operating cycles, were extremely promising and confirmed, Williams said, the promise of the FJ44, a popular small turbofan engine, to take advantage of alternative fuels in the future. The tests required no modifications to the engine or the test stand.
The fuel in this test was a coal-based formulation that could be produced domestically, say its developers, a team of researchers from Penn State University. And the process, which is currently being developed for coal, might also be applied to waste biomass, municipal solid waste and purpose- grown biomass, like algae.
Unlike jet-A, the new coal-based fuel-Williams ran 2,000 gallons of it through the test en gine-burns cleaner and with negligible levels of nitrogen, sulfur and aromatics. It also has higher energy density, making it more efficient for longer range on the same amount of fuel per weight] 

Could this coal energy be the future jet ski power source to replace gasoline ?
Another question:
Why electric motor can not reach current DOHC gasoline engine performance? It is all about the B -- Gauss!
Now, Our best Neodymium Magnet …… 5000 Gauss. That is 0.5 tesla of magnetic field strength.

Generation of motor torque:

F =B I L    ( B : Magnetic field strength   [tesla]   )

                ( I  : Electric current)

                ( L : the overall length of the coil)

T = F d      ( d : motor coil diameter,  T: Torque)

T = BIA      ( A : plain area of the motor coil size)

Therefore, Torque is directly proportionate to the size (A) of the coil and (I :electric current), and the most important magnetic field (B).

The DC battery power is the voltage and current we provide to the coil, and that is the power we provide. The torque is “B” driven if we use permanent natural magnet as the core. Theoretically, a magnetic field of the White Dwarf star surfaces which is  =1,000,000 Gauss = 100 Tesla. A coil of .01m² area with current 1 Amp.

The toque    T = 1 Newton x Meter, with typical 100 turns of coil of such DC motor:

                   T = 100 Nm, which is humongous compare to same size of gasoline engine that size. We, then, can replace all gasoline engines by motors made by such material. Of course, we do not have such high Gauss material. It is too bad!

Another issue is the energy source can sustain how long? can the current Li-ion battery provide that energy to run motor as the DOHC gasoline engine with 10 gallon tank?

Submersible Watercraft -CAD/CAM/CAE application

For global contract -- Try Protean Engineering


The personal watercraft design innovation mandate genuine sense of cost effectiveness, a rather interesting concept has come to our attention.

Some personal watercraft design that allows the rider to seat while navigating the vehicle. Some watercraft designed to satisfy riders craving-end performance, acceleration, horsepower, handling, eye catching looks, and a riding experience that provides exhilaration. But it must be easily manageable and operation safety must be the top priority.

Searching through the current watercraft development trend, no matter which is used on the surface of water or under the water or both, they are almost the combination of aerospace or automobile technology and newly developed material application like reinforced composites and nano-composites. However, the gasoline power is still the domineering source of propulsion system. Human has lost that sense of smooth , sleek movement of swan swimming in the pond.

Now, this is the very time to a drastic change in many industrial innovations. Waterborne vehicle is got to be moving forward for a 100% clean energy application, and employing CAD/CAM/CAE and the professional style sensibility we will come up with entirely different revolution. Most of all, cost effective!!!

No more pollution added fuel application for personal watercraft. The powerful gasoline power system will be replaced by fuel cell or advanced electrical system.
Have we not got the warning from the severe oil spill of the Gulf of Mexico??

Considering a personal watercraft can swim on water surface and dive into water whenever you feel like to?? Especially, it can grab the rocky coast rock if you have to!!

Now, every thing is on computer, CAD, CAM CAE....But one thing is certain:

1. If you have any new innovative idea or inventing something, you always start with hand drawing and hand calculations. computer can not design, they are Aiding tools that is all! Too bad some of the industrial leaders had a fantasy over computer, and some designer think they have CAE and they can analyse but that may be dangerous if you do not know the FEM fundamental idea. You may get a very accurate result but totally wrong answer.

2. Stick to one unit system say, British or Metric. I am more British unit user, but the Metric is more globally used now a days. You can have real mechanical feeling over your design when you hand calculate to check computer results.

3. Start prepare simple pocket 6 in rule and micrometer to measure a tube diameter or thread gage to measure bolt or nut thread system. You will have more direct feeling of your design or some of the genuine commercial product's functions. You can figure how they design it? can I make it better or can I improve it....

4. Occasionally, use your brain to imagine a complex system to see how do you analyse the appox. load, or  environment temperature, humidity, water content ...etc. will the material against water do not corrode. You are mechanical engineer to be but not yet!  The real world is pretty complicated, most of the time we are too optimistic in estimate the critical temperature or loading condition. But sometimes we are too careful and design the system too heavy. Eventually, design become an art and it is not mathematical stuff  just running computer.

I am not saying computer is not important, it can really accelerate our design process and optimize that. But do not ignore manufacture ability can rebuke the optimum results. It simply can not fabricate the design part....etc.


Some basic design ideas of submersible vehicles Deep Submergence Rescue (DSRV) And Research Vehicles are from the the natural world!!

A swimming fish possess swim-bladder, it is unique design for fish can keep constant buoyancy control at all depth level. We could use same principle to design a watercraft can function like a fish, and also act like a fast boat also. The modern composite structure light weight design like major material we use for yacht building ---- Fiberglass     ---- epoxy adhesives or polyester bonding technique can build the ship body light, strong and waterproof. The  However, the air bladder either built with rubber or synthetic rubber needs underwater air pump to pump air into the bladder or release valve in it to out gas in order to dive. The technique to combine a watercraft both on and in the water is pretty uniquely created with many up to date technology, and team workmanship is imperative!

Fiberglass mold is also the key tool to make watercraft bodies!

Morph flex design - Watercraft

The trend of CAD design system has greatly improved many multi-function system which adapt to different environments. Morph is one of these great features.

For global contract -- Try Protean Engineering

Morph concept technologies might create fantastic opportunities for mobile devices:

• Newly-enabled flexible and nano materials blend seamlessly with the way we live
• Devices become self-cleaning and self-preserving and change shape
• Transparent electronics offering an entirely new aesthetic dimension plus health monitoring capability
• Built-in solar absorption might charge a device, whilst batteries become smaller, longer lasting and faster to charge
• Integrated sensors might allow us to learn more about the environment around us, empowering us to make better choices

CATIA V5 Generative Structural Analysis Primer

The link below manifest the basic understanding of structural design and analysis

Links to the CATIA analysis sites

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Stress analysis          Lateral Stress Analysis Software 

Renewable Earth - Water saving

Enjoy a funny face before hard subject!!

Renewable energy study

Ever since the industrial revolution, man made energy generation system related to internal combustion, exploding devices. That brought us ever changing conveniences in many, many ways, yet there is no free lunch and our clever inventions have evolved many hidden polluting factors till now. Can we imaging that we are the very source of global pollution?

From this century’s scientific development, we start to realize that we should not rely on fossil fuel only. Since the chemical waste after FAST burning and exploding reaction can result in toxic element incur hazardous effect to human health and our living environment, I am talking about internal combustion mechanical system. It produces green house gases.

The renewable energy is a modern terminology to environmentalist even to ordinary people like us. The definition of renewable energy source meaning the application of it will not produce green house gases. Now, the so called renewable energy or “Green energy source” entail solar, wind, biomass, biofuel, geothermal, water power. In 2006, about 18% of global final energy consumption came from renewable energy, with 13% coming from traditional biomass, such as wood-burning. Hydroelectricity was the next largest renewable source, providing 3% of global energy consumption and 15% of global electricity generation. The rest are from burning petroleum-product and nuclear energy, they create most of the waste and pollution also it contain industrial and residential pollution and inefficient operational systems.

Now, lets study in detail, the wind, biomass(solid or gas), biofuel, water power
are all from the solar energy and the celestial dynamics(Earth rotation and orbital dynamics). The geothermal energy is stored through historical changes of volcanic eruption, platonic alteration, mountain creation, terrain movements. Water power includes rivers, oceans, global weather system affect by the sun and celestial system.

We conclude that the vast amount of renewable energy sources is from the sun, water, and ever changing Earth. Is that all? Looks like it! But not quite so!!

We neglect the unseen cosmic particles from outer-space and the unexplored inner-space! How do we tap those energy sources will be our next goal of energy seeking.

California PG&E plan to put solar array at geosynchronous orbit and transmit the energy back as microwave is old concept. Yes, there will be energy loss through transmitting process. But, why don't we use high altitude blimp to test the idea to see how efficient it is first? Then, move to the next step to build an on-orbit solar arrays!

Now, another even bolder idea! Can we directly use the transmitted microwave to burn seawater so that desalination and hydrogen generation - Editoail [2] are done at the same time. I believe we can pinpoint certain sea coast area with least population, and put infrastructure cost as part of this grand project expense.

Since burning seawater by radio wave is not a secret now, the method inventor should start thinking about the innovative idea. The reason is that if we convert microwave back to electricity and invert on grid to redistribute electricity to nearby desalination system will cost more $US to do it!

Think about the water world-real everlasting energy source!

Submersible Watercraft -CAD/CAM/CAE Application

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 It's been years of my gut feeling to construct a fast hydroplane with jet power and can instantly dive into deep water as sleek as an agile fish regardless of the tough underwater environment.

The key power is from the sea, no fuel burning; breathing air supply is also from the sea! How do we do it??? Lets see the new invention from Israel

The vehicle is a watercraft easy to make, with its great emergency escape system inside- Any great opinions, just email to


See this nice Link if you like Underwater Photography

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The best watercraft design should animate real fish agility.
Now a days, some design watercraft like dolphin but can not stay long under
water; it has to jump and propel into water and come back to water surface again.

Fish can stay down deep very long. It has gill and swim
bladder, and the combined buoyancy and oxygen circulation control are way beyond
human imagination. I think the best submarine on earth cannot even perform like
small fish.

Two major challenges for the designer’s head spinning, one is the power system and another one is combined buoyancy control and breathing system. Now, supposedly we can successfully extract air from water or seawater, how are we going to sufficiently support the human breath
and buoyancy control smoothly?

The said difficulty we face is underwater maneuver, but for
multi-purpose watercraft also has to move on the surface of water fast so as to achieve the purpose being an underwater commute tool and sea to inland shuttle
hydroplane.

Now, the Navy already has mobile water vehicle like what I
described. Its major function to carry Navy Seals fulfill military mission only, it may require heavy and polluted power system not to mention possible nonrenewable
energy utilization. What about the cost to build one like that?

I would classify different type of multi-purpose watercraft for many different functions. The link shows slow diving watercraft, can not run fast on surface. My ideal multi-service watercraft should run fairly fast on surface and dive in like a fish!

Type I multi-service watercraft

Agility up and in water (advanced renewable energy power pack)

Class A	Fast on water	Human enclosed in vehicle (must have egress system)	Smooth buoyancy control	Sufficient air extracted for both human & buoyancy control
Class B	Fast on water	Human exposed to water	Good buoyancy control	Carry own Oxygen tank with extracted air for buoyancy & emergency use

Type II

Slow mobile up and in water   (low renewable energy power pack and human power system)

Design consideration:

Basic water vehicle design practice – On water surface – general boat moving on water require enough power to resist body drag :

·                  Friction drag

·                  Eddy-making drag

·                  Wave-making drag

·                  Air drag

Air drag is very small if the speed does not exceed 10knots.

Eddy-making drag is small and always combined with
wave-making drag.

Friction drag is part of the resistance created by the
effect of the hull “rubbing” against the water which is moving through!

Therefore, only two major drags against the body moving on surface of the water. The Friction drag and Wave drag!

The rule of thumb of  boat with shorter hull : Wave drag is about 60% of the total drag, which means the Friction drag of the hull is 40% only.

Frude derived a formula : R_{f = F S V^1.825} 

• R_{f  : friction resistance in Newton (Friction drag force)}
• F    : constant depend on boat length
• S    : wetted surface area in square meter
• V    : speed of boat in meter per second

F = 1.8 for short hull boat say smaller than 3 meters, the value will get smaller when hull length increase.

The rule of thumb of  boat with shorter hull : Wave drag is about 60% of the total drag, which means the Friction drag force is only 40%.

Author use his Type I class B watercraft as sample to verify the formula_______
Watercarft use two cylinder as buoyant bodies merged in water possess S =1.55 square meter x 2 = 3.1 square meter wet surface area , now it travels at a moderate 6 knots speed,  V = 3.09 meter/sec.

The formula in conservative side :  R_{f = F S V²}  
Therefore, R_{f = 1.8 x 3.1 x  3.09²} 
                  R_{f = 59.4 newton = 13 lb which is enough to start the small boat with short hull.}

Now, rule of thumb for moving boat must resist Friction drag force + Wave drag force.

The Wave drag force is 3/2 x 13 = 19.5 Lb

Total drag force is 13 +19.5 = 33Lb force, author checked the minimum thrust of Minkota motor is 35 lb force and which is why usually smaller raft boat or dingy use the motor for fishing.

From this preliminary check sufficient thrust to overcome total drag force at 6 knots speed is at the ballpark of 33 to 35 lb range.

Lets check what speed will become for the small boat if we equip it with 100 lb of thrust?

Frude formula again :         R_{f = F S V^1.825} 
100 lb = 444 Newton,     444 = 1.8 x 3.1 x V^1.825 


V = 10 meter/sec = approx. 20knots , looks pretty good! But this formula only predict Friction drag force of moving watercraft. At 20knots, the Wave drag induced under random wave impact on boat will be very nonlinear. This is just a rough check of the formula under moderate speed.

Engineering HolyBible - Water is create before any life on Earth

First evidence of life:
* Genesis Chap1:2
Second evidence:
* Exodus Chp25:9 "According to all that I shew thee, after the pattern of the tabernacle, and the pattern of all the instruments thereof, even so shall ye make it. - www.all4god.net"

[God teach human being how to be filial to what he instructs. Direct human to record accurately what he has shown to us (may be 3D hologram pattern-we don't know). Then, Moses record every bit of details to form engineering specifications.]

This is how human learn to start doing complicate engineering product!!